The Queen Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1936 – 8 September 2022)
Queen of the United Kingdom from 6th February 1952 until her death on 8th September 2022.
Her reign of 70 year and 214 days, is the longest of any British monarch and the longest recorded of any female head of state in history.
She was crowned on June 2nd, 1953. Her predecesor was George VI and her successor is Charles III.
Elizabeth was the first daughter of Prince Albert (duck of York) and Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. As the niece of the heir, she had little chance of acceding to the throne.
Until her uncle, Edward VIII (afterward duke of Windsor), abdicated in her father’s favor on December 11th, 1936. Her father became King George VI, and she became heir.
Ascension to the throne.
In the summer of 1951 the health of King George VI entered into a serious decline.
On January 1952, Elizabeth and the duke went on a tour of Australia and New Zealand, but in route at Sagana, Kenya; news reached them of the king’s death.
Making her the monarch.
If you want to know a little more about her life, I recommend the serie The Crown.